[Primary localization of malignant lymphoma in the urinary bladder?]. / Primärlokalisation eines malignen Lymphoms in der Harnblase?

We report on the case of a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma with primary location in the urinary bladder of an 83-year-old woman. Diagnosis was established by transurethral resection of the tumor and histological examination. No clinical signs (e.g. alterations of peripheral blood count) or tumor generalization were observed. To date only 86 cases of primary localization of lymphoma in the urinary bladder have been described, whereas secondary involvement occurs in 5.4-13% of cases.

[Immunocyte subpopulations in histologic sections of breast tumors]. / Subpopuliatsii immunotsitov v gistologicheskikh srezakh raka molochnoi zhelezy.

A study of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was carried out on cryostat sections of breast tumors in 27 patients using 24 monoclonal antibodies. Two types of infiltration--stromal and intraparenchymal--were identified. Certain correlations characteristic of subpopulation levels of immunocompetent cells identifiable by monoclonal antibody clusters CD8, CD22, CD38 and CD7; CD74 and CD4; CD11b and CD22, CD37 were established. The study also established a correlation between levels of immunocompetent cells infiltration (CD4+, CD7+, CD8+ and CD11b+) and tumor size and regional lymph node involvement.

[Experiences with MR tomography after cervical spinal trauma]. / Erfahrungen mit der MR-Tomographie nach zervikalem Spinaltrauma.

MRI has been evaluated in a series of 26 patients, who suffered blunt cervical spine injuries at least 6 weeks previously, and had continuous clinical signs of radicular (n = 8) and medullary (n = 18) syndromes. In 6 patients MRI visualised localised posttraumatic intramedullary parenchymal changes; 5 patients had posttraumatic cord atrophies and 2 patients "traumatic" disc herniations. Besides direct traumatic lesions, pre-existing uni-, bi- or multisegmental degenerative cervical spinal stenosis must be considered because it predisposes to spinal cord injury. MRI is an important supplementary diagnostic measure after cervical spine trauma when there are clinical signs of cervical local, radicular or medullary syndromes, because intra- or extramedullary lesions can be visualised. However it must be emphasized that with present MR techniques not all "microcystic" posttraumatic spinal cord degenerations can be visualised, even if there are clear neurological signs of myelopathy or radiculopathy.

[Abscess of the pyramidal apex]. / Pyramidenspitzenabszess.

The authors report on one case of an abscess at the pyramidal apex. The 52-year old male patient presented with pareses of the fifth and seventh cranial nerves and hypacusis on the right side. After diagnostic procedures (CT-scan, carotid angiography), a tumor at the apex of the right pyramid was expected. During surgery a large encapsulated mass was found containing pus. A bacterial agent could not be isolated. The abscess bordered on the mucosal lining of the sphenoid sinus and on the cells of mastoid bone. The starting point of an abscess at the pyramidal apex is most commonly an otitis media, most frequently caused by staphylococcus. Sterile abscesses are seen in almost 20%. Of differential diagnosis on has to keep in mind other space-occupying lesions especially epidermoid or dermoid cysts.

The Kasabach-Merritt syndrome: severe bleeding disorder caused by celiac arteriography--reversal by heparin treatment.

Studies are presented on a 62-yr-old woman with extreme hepatomegaly due to a giant hemangioma with alterations in the clotting system indicating a consumption coagulopathy. There was a fall of hemoglobin, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, and platelet number after arteriography of the truncus celiacus. Furthermore, there was sustained bleeding in the patient's right thigh caused by puncture of the arteria femoralis. Continuous administration of iv heparin corrected the clotting disorder including a rise in platelets from 95,000/microliters to 148,000/microliters, permitting surgical removement of the hematoma. Celiacography is a useful tool for the diagnosis of hepatic hemangiomata, as well as ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Being an invasive technique, it requires testing for possible consumption coagulopathy if used in patients with hemangiomatosis. Its application should be restricted to cases in which exact diagnosis cannot be established by other means.

[Plum pits in the terminal ileum]. / Pflaumenkerne im terminalen Ileum.

We report on a case of an inflammatory conglomerate tumour proximal to the ileocaecal valve which resulted from ingested plum stones and after years led to abundant intestinal bleeding.

[Construction, operation and initial experience with a laboratory apparatus for fluid-bed coating of particles]. / Aufbau, Arbeitsweise und erste Erfahrungen mit einem Laborgerät zum Uberziehen von Partikeln in der Wirbelschicht.

Starting from the developmental work of Dittgen and co-workers [1] and of Gröning [2], the authors constructed an air-suspension device which permits to coat crystals, granules and pellets on a laboratory scale. The device developed is a glass apparatus for coating almost 10 g of particles. The motion of the particles to be coated is characterized by a high-speed rotation on a circular orbit associated with a raise by the air current and a fall caused by gravity. This combined motion prevents the development of zones of varying particle sizes. The usefulness of this apparatus is demonstrated by the example of the application of a polyacrylate depot coating to pholedrine sulphate and quinidine sulphate pellets. Scanning electron micrographs are used for the optical assessment of the coating.

[On the compression behaviour of spray-dried sulphathiazole (author's transl)]. / Uber das Kompressionsverhalten von sprühgetrocknetem Sulfathiazol.

The authors prepared a spray-dried sulphathiazole product consisting of hollow pellets, the drug being in the form of its metastable modification I (melting point, 200 degrees C). On the basis of force-time diagrams and of current parameters relative to the elasto-plastic deformability of substances intended for tabletting, the compression behaviour of the spraydried product was compared with that of sulphathiazole (modification I) tempered at 180 degrees C for 150 min. Scanning-electron-microscopic studies on tablet surfaces offered further insight into the compressibility of the spraydried product.

[Electron-microscopic studies on the texture of sulphathiazole and sulphathiazole tablets (author's transl)]. / Elektronenmikroskopische Texturuntersuchungen an Sulfathiazol und Sulfathiazol-Tabletten.

The authors performed scanning-electron-microscopic studies to investigate the texture of sulphathiazole tablets. This method permitted to demonstrate the texture-forming effect of micronized celluloses used as dry binding agents. The differences in dissolution rate are interpreted.

[On the compressibility of micronized celluloses of the Avicel and the Heweten type (author's transl)]. / Zur Kompressibilität von mikrokörnigen Cellulosen vom type avicel und Heweten.

Experimental studies on the effect of various micronized celluloses (Avicel PH 101 and Heweten 40) on the compressibility and the dissolution of sulphathiazole showed that the binding power of Heweten 40 is inferior to that of Avicel PH 101, whereas the mechanical strength of the tablets conforms to specifications. Referring to the dissolution rates, it can be said that the use of Heweten 40 is more advantageous.

[On the production and the characterization of spray embeddings (author's transl)]. / Zur Herstellung und Charakterisierung von Sprüheinbettungen.

Spray drying of phenobarbital-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), phenobarbital-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and digoxin-PVP solutions yielded embeddings in the form of very fine powders. Depending on the drug-adjuvant ratio, the form in which the drug was embedded in the indifferent carriers was microcrystalline to radio-amorphous. In vitro studies showed that the dissolution of all the spray products was more rapid than that of the corresponding physical mixtures, and that the resulting solutions of the respective drugs were always oversaturated. The oversaturated solutions obtained from embeddings containing the amorphous forms of the difficulty soluble drugs were relatively stable. PVP inhibited the crystallization of phenobarbital to a greater extent than PVA, and led to a higher oversaturation of the drug in the resulting solutions. The in vitro release of digoxin was significantly more rapid from PVP embeddings (and tablets made from them) than from products containing digoxin in crystalline form.